COVID-19 Impact on the Global 5G Fixed Wireless Access Market
With the governments of different countries declaring a state of emergency owing to the spread of COVID 19, companies are increasingly adopting the work-from-home culture to keep their businesses operational and enable employees to follow social distancing guidelines. Trends such as work-from-home, social distancing, and online education drive the growth of the 5G fixed wireless access market. Although the pandemic has slowed down the efforts of the global wireless industry to formulate different standards and carry out trade shows related to wireless communication, the technology is being used to fight the impact of the COVID-19 on different industries and countries.
The 5G fixed wireless access market was valued at USD 503 million in 2020 and is projected to reach USD 86,669 million by 2026; it is expected to grow at a CAGR of 135.9% from 2020 to 2026. Increasing the adoption of advanced technologies such as machine-to-machine (M2M) and Internet of Things (IoT) and rising use of millimeter-wave technology for 5G fixed wireless access is expected to drive the growth of the 5G fixed wireless access market. However, the high costs of infrastructures and the adverse impact of millimeter-wave technology on the environment act as restraints for the growth of the 5G fixed wireless access market.
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Sub–6 GHz segment held the largest share of 5G fixed wireless access market
The sub–6 GHz frequency segment is projected to account the largest share in the 5G fixed wireless access market, in terms of volume, in 2026. The key difference between sub–6 GHz and mmWave bands is the difference in them in terms of coverage and indoor penetration. mmWave bands have a small coverage footprint owing to their RF properties. The frequencies in this band are unable to penetrate solid objects such as walls. mmWave requires more sites than sub–6 GHz to provide similar coverage. For instance, based on the simulations run by Kumu Networks, it is estimated that the 26 GHz spectrum requires 7 to 8 times more sites than the 3.5 GHz spectrum. The 5G deployment strategy of operators is to use sub–6 GHz to provide expansive city and country-wide coverage and utilize the dense deployment of mmWave in high-traffic dense urban and urban areas, as well as suburban pockets to provide increased broadband capacity. The mmWave clusters provide higher capacity magnitudes than sub–6 GHz clusters owing to the broadband density and a large spectrum available. Additionally, such dense deployments are easy with mmWave owing to their small coverage footprint. Therefore, most telecommunication operators and 5G fixed wireless access equipment manufacturers are commercially launching products that support the sub–6 GHz frequency range.
Semi-urban areas to continue to lead 5G fixed wireless access market during forecast period
In terms of value, the semi-urban segment is projected to account largest share in the 5G fixed wireless access market in 2026. The growth of this segment can be attributed to the fact that in semi-urban areas, the density of the population is sparse. Hence, these areas require significantly high investments to connect subscribers with a network through wireline infrastructures. With high-power transmissions/receptions and advanced antenna technologies, wireless links can effectively reach rural areas without any major construction required as only base stations and customer premises equipment require to be installed. In several situations, operators are required to provide temporary coverage in some areas wherein there is little or no demand for Internet connectivity; for instance, skiing resorts during winters. Fixed wireless access is a flexible, quick, and cost-effective solution to cater to the rural/temporary Internet requirements.
The 5G fixed wireless access market is dominated by a few globally established players such as Huawei (China), Ericsson (Sweden), Nokia Corporation (Finland), Samsung Electronics (South Korea), Inseego (US), Siklu Communication, Ltd. (Israel), Mimosa Networks, Inc. (US), Vodafone (UK), Verizon Communications Inc. (US) and CableFree (UK).
5G Fixed Wireless Access Market Dynamics
Driver: urged demand for high-speed Internet connectivity and broad network coverage with reduced latency and power consumption
The past decade has witnessed several improvements in network connectivity and related services. A number of SMEs that aim to have full control over their connectivity and provide multi-carrier support to their customers simultaneously require fast networks capable of carrying out high-speed data transmissions. 5G network technology is capable of offering sufficient bandwidth to support increasing data traffic. It offers 10 to 100 times more capacity and high-speed data services than that provided by 3G and 4G networks. Therefore, the increasing demand for high-speed broadband services is expected to drive the growth of the 5G fixed wireless access market in near future.
Restraint: High infrastructure costs and possibility of revenue reduction for telecommunication companies
5G infrastructures are expected to change the existing communication methods. Though 5G infrastructures are still in the nascent stage, a number of companies and government bodies support the development and deployment of 5G technology with increased investments to carry out research and development activities.
Increased investments are necessary to upgrade existing networks to 5G. This involves replacing existing components or installing new ones such as access networks, gateways, switches, and routing elements, thereby resulting in high capital requirements. Small-sized service providers face difficulty in making such high investments. Moreover, service providers are curious to deploy 5G to offer new low-cost services to their customers that are expected to reduce the main revenue source (voice) for telecommunication companies. This, in turn, creates an unwillingness among telecommunication companies to invest in new technologies that could reduce their revenues.
Opportunity: Increased demand for 5G fixed wireless access networks from different industries
The 5G fixed wireless access network offers high-speed data transfer rate, low latency, and consistent connectivity, which are useful for various industries. For instance, in autonomous cars/connected cars, the low latency of 5G networks is critical for implementing safety systems and ensuring real-time vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. In smart cities, there are dense arrays of wireless sensors that are useful for various services and applications, right from environmental and pollution monitoring to security surveillance, traffic management, and smart parking.
Challenge: Heat dissipation in MIMO systems
The massive MIMOs are expected to play a critical role in the 5G fixed wireless access market. They are anticipated to be key enablers and foundational components of fully operating 5G networks. One of the key roles of any 5G network is to handle the large increase in data usage, and MIMO is the perfect technology to address this requirement. However, the complexity of MIMO systems poses design- and assembly-related challenges in the form of reciprocity errors, low signal-to-interference ratio (SIR), high energy consumption, and increased channel coherence time.
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